Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) are ubiquitous oscillatory flow phenomena observed in
toroidal magnetic confinement fusion plasmas, such as tokamaks and stellarators. They are …

The present status of zonal flow experiments is reviewed with the historical process to attain
the concept of zonal flows, which provides a new framework for understanding turbulence …

Geodesic acoustic modes (GAM) are shown to constitute a continuous spectrum due to
radial inhomogeneities. The importance and theoretical as well as experimental implications …

The toroidal symmetry of the geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) zonal flows is identified with
toroidally distributed three step Langmuir probes at the edge of the HuanLiuqi-2A …

Heavy ion beam probing (HIBP) is a unique diagnostics to study the core plasma potential
and turbulence. Advanced HIBPs operate in the T-10 tokamak and TJ-II flexible heliac with …

The present status of experiments on zonal flows in magnetic confinement experiments is
examined. The innovative use of traditional and modern diagnostics has revealed …

Zonal flows and their high-frequency counterpart, the geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) are
considered as a possible mechanism of the plasma turbulence self-regulation. In the T-10 …

Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) are studied as plasma eigenmodes when an electrostatic
potential nearly constant around a magnetic surface is applied to collisionless toroidal …

Turbulence measurements in magnetically confined toroidal plasmas have a long history
and relevance due to the detrimental role of turbulence induced transport on particle …

This paper describes the first observations in the National Spherical Torus Experiment
(NSTX)[SM Kaye et al, Phys. Plasmas 8, 1977 (2001)] of “quiet periods” in the edge …