The sinoatrial node is perhaps one of the most important tissues in the entire body: it is the
natural pacemaker of the heart, making it responsible for initiating each-and-every normal …

Because G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) continue to represent excellent targets for
the discovery and development of small-molecule therapeutics, it is posited that additional …

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation
(AF) promotion by exercise training in an animal model. Background: High-level exercise …

It is highly debated how cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent regulation (CDR) of
the major pacemaker channel HCN4 in the sinoatrial node (SAN) is involved in heart rate …

Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is a syndrome in which the sinus heart rate is
inexplicably faster than expected and associated symptoms are present. The heart rate at …

The heart initially compensates for hypertension-mediated pressure overload by enhancing
its contractile force and developing hypertrophy without dilation. Gq protein–coupled …

G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways mediate the transmission of signals from the
extracellular environment to the generation of cellular responses, a process that is critically …

Physiological processes governing the heart beat have been under investigation for several
hundred years. Major advances have been made in the recent past. A review of the present …

Propionic acid is a cell nutrient but also a stimulus for cellular signaling. Free fatty acid
receptor (FFAR)-3, also known as GPR41, is a Gi/o protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that …

Rationale: Parasympathetic regulation of heart rate is mediated by acetylcholine binding to
G protein–coupled muscarinic M2 receptors, which activate heterotrimeric Gi/o proteins to …