Growing evidence continues to show the term clinically insignificant residual fragments
(CIRF) for residual fragments of 4 mm or less to be a misnomer. In fact, only a third of CIRF is …

Objectives: To compare the safety and effectiveness of a novel flexible vacuum-assisted
ureteral access sheath (FV-UAS) and traditional ureteral access sheath (UAS) in simulating …

The role of ESWL in the management of urolithiasis is decreasing, whereas FURS is
constantly progressing. Quality and safety of intracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy using …

The removal of kidney stones can lead to small residual fragments remaining in the human
body. Residual stone fragments can act as seeds for kidney stone crystallization and may …

Purpose: We analyzed the impact of residual stone fragments seen on abdominal x-ray after
ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy on the risk of repeat surgical intervention. Materials and …

Results A total of 385 participants responded to the survey on CIRF. Most participants
considered 2 mm (29%) as CIRF threshold, followed by 3 mm (24%), 4 mm (22%), 0 mm …

Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of a previous standard
percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) on the outcomes of retrograde intrarenal surgery …

Objective: To assess stone-related events (SREs) requiring retreatment in a series of 100
consecutive patients treated by retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for renal stones and to …

Objectives Measurements of stone features may vary according to the non-contrast
computed tomography (NCCT) technique. Using magnified bone window is the most …

Knowledge of tissue optical properties, in particular the absorption μa and the reduced
scattering coefficient μ s′, is required for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in which …