Invasive brain–machine interfaces can restore motor, sensory and cognitive functions.
However, their clinical adoption has been hindered by the surgical risk of implantation and …

Implantable intracortical microelectrodes can record a neuron's rapidly changing action
potentials (spikes). In vivo neural activity recording methods often have either high temporal …

Objective. Recent initiatives in bioelectronic modulation of the nervous system by the NIH
(SPARC), DARPA (ElectRx, SUBNETS) and the GlaxoSmithKline Bioelectronic Medicines …

The loss of a limb or paralysis resulting from spinal cord injury has devastating
consequences on quality of life. One approach to restoring lost sensory and motor abilities in …

The field of neurobionics offers hope to patients with sensory and motor impairment.
Blindness is a common cause of major sensory loss, with an estimated 39 million people …

Pt/Ir electrodes have been extensively used in neurophysiology research in recent years as
they provide a more inert recording surface as compared to tungsten or stainless steel …

This paper briefly describes some of the recent progress in the development of penetrating
microelectrode arrays and highlights the use of two of these devices, Utah electrode arrays …

Objective. Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) in somatosensory cortex can restore
sensation to people with spinal cord injury. However, the recording quality from implanted …

High-resolution visual prostheses require small, densely packed pixels, but limited
penetration depth of the electric field formed by a planar electrode array constrains such …

Retinal prostheses are a promising means for restoring sight to patients blinded by the
gradual atrophy of photoreceptors due to retinal degeneration. They are designed to …