Research on cognitive control and executive function has long recognized the relevance of
motivational factors. Recently, however, the topic has come increasingly to center stage, with …

Recent years have seen a rejuvenation of interest in studies of motivation–cognition
interactions arising from many different areas of psychology and neuroscience. The present …

Background Microorganisms in the human intestine (ie the gut microbiome) have an
increasingly recognized impact on human health, including brain functioning. Attention …

Cognitive control is subjectively costly, suggesting that engagement is modulated in
relationship to incentive state. Dopamine appears to play key roles. In particular, dopamine …

Highlights•Motivation may have a preferential impact on proactive cognitive control
mechanisms.•Dopamine signals may enhance control by modulating prefrontal task …

The brain faces various computational tradeoffs, such as the stability-flexibility dilemma. The
major ascending neuromodulatory systems are well suited to dynamically regulate these …

Dopamine contributes to cognitive control through well-established effects in both the
striatum and cortex. Although earlier work suggests that dopamine affects cognitive control …

While psychological, economic, and neuroscientific accounts of behavior broadly maintain
that people minimize expenditure of cognitive effort, empirical work reveals how reward …

Cognitive control helps us attain our goals by resisting distraction and temptations.
Dopaminergic drugs are well known to enhance cognitive control. However, there is great …

In contrast to the assumption of efficiency wage models, which state that wage incentives
should be positively correlated with productivity, high incentives may produce performance …