Collagen is the most abundant structural protein found in humans and mammals, particularly
in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Its primary function is to hold the body together. The …

Articular cartilage (AC) is an avascular and flexible connective tissue located on the bone
surface in the diarthrodial joints. AC defects are common in the knees of young and …

Successful regeneration of cartilage tissue at a clinical scale has been a tremendous
challenge in the past decades. Microcarriers (MCs), usually used for cell and drug delivery …

This review paper explores the cutting-edge advancements in hydrogel design for articular
cartilage regeneration (CR). Articular cartilage (AC) defects are a common occurrence …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic and inflammatory disease with no effective regenerative
treatments to date. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remains to …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease characterized by an imbalance
of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown and anabolism. Melatonin (MT) is one of …

Articular cartilage (AC) injuries often lead to cartilage degeneration and may ultimately result
in osteoarthritis (OA) due to the limited self-repair ability. To date, numerous intra-articular …

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage deterioration and
subsequent inflammatory changes in the underlying bone. Injectable hydrogels have …

Engineering drug delivery systems (DDS) aim to release bioactive cargo to a specific site
within the human body safely and efficiently. Hydrogels have been used as delivery matrices …

The articular cartilage (AC) is a dense, translucent, and avascular connective tissue
primarily responsible for bearing the load of normal human activities. Due to its lack of blood …