A remarkably diverse group of organisms rely on a hydrostatic skeleton for support,
movement, muscular antagonism and the amplification of the force and displacement of …

Over millions of years, the crustacean exoskeleton has evolved into a rigid, tough, and
complex cuticle that is used for structural support, mobility, protection of vital organs, and …

Nature provides numerous biomineral design inspirations for constructing structural
materials with desired functionalities. However, large‐scale production of damage‐tolerant …

Engineering systems that leverage the flexibility and softness of soft materials have been
fostering revolutionary progress and broad interest across various applications. The …

Resisting impact and avoiding injury are central to survival in situations ranging from the
abiotic forces of crashing waves to biotic collisions with aggressive conspecifics. Although …

Growth of crabs involves moulting through a series of instars. Most brachyurans have
indirect development, involving a planktonic dispersal phase followed by a benthic phase …

Knowing the functionality and capabilities of masticatory apparatuses is essential for the
ecological classification of jawed organisms. Nevertheless insects, especially with their …

Sandy beaches are areas that challenge robots of all sizes, especially smaller scale robots.
Sand can hinder locomotion and waves apply hydrodynamic forces which can displace …

Perhaps the most striking feature of billfishes is the extreme elongation of the premaxillary
bones forming their rostra. Surprisingly, the exact role of this structure in feeding is still …

The objective of this study was to determine the seasonal and sexual effects on metal levels
of lump crabmeat (LCM) and chela crabmeat (CCM) of mature Atlantic blue crabs …