Cognitively driven pupil modulations reflect certain underlying brain functions. What do
these reflections tell us? Here, we review findings that have identified key roles for three …

Pupils respond to three distinct kinds of stimuli: they constrict in response to brightness (the
pupil light response), constrict in response to near fixation (the pupil near response), and …

Explore-exploit decisions require us to trade off the benefits of exploring unknown options to
learn more about them, with exploiting known options, for immediate reward. Such decisions …

The state of the brain and body constantly varies on rapid and slow timescales. These
variations contribute to the apparent noisiness of sensory responses at both the neural and …

Primate cognition requires interaction processing. Interactions can reveal otherwise hidden
properties of intentional agents, such as thoughts and feelings, and of inanimate objects …

Pupil size is collectively controlled by the sympathetic dilator and parasympathetic sphincter
muscles. Locus coeruleus (LC) activation has been shown to evoke pupil dilation, but how …

Individuals may show different responses to stressful events. Here, we investigate the
neurobiological basis of stress resilience, by showing that neural responsitivity of the …

Animal Vigilance builds on the author's previous publication with Academic Press (Social
Predation: How Group Living Benefits Predators and Prey) by developing several other …

When an animal faces a threatening situation while asleep, rapid arousal is the essential
prerequisite for an adequate response. Here, we find that predator stimuli induce immediate …

Whether driving a car, shopping for food, or paying attention in a classroom of boisterous
teenagers, it's often hard to maintain focus on goals in the face of distraction. Brain imaging …