Climate change challenges efforts to maintain and improve crop production in many regions.
In this Review, we examine yield responses to warmer temperatures, elevated carbon …

Without rapid changes to agriculture and food systems, the goals of the 2015 Paris
Agreement on climate change will not be met. Food systems are one of the most important …

Agriculture and land use are major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but
previous estimates were either highly aggregate or provided spatial details for subsectors …

Excessive agricultural nitrogen use causes environmental problems globally, to an extent
that it has been suggested that a safe planetary boundary has been exceeded. Earlier …

Global gains in food production over the past decades have been associated with
substantial agricultural nitrogen overuse and ammonia emissions, which have caused …

The global agri-food system relies on synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisation to increase crop
yields, yet the use of synthetic N fertiliser is unsustainable. In this study we estimate global …

The Paris Agreement's goal of limiting the increase in global temperature to 1.5° or 2° C
above preindustrial levels requires rapid reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Although …

Extensive ecosystem restoration is increasingly seen as being central to conserving
biodiversity and stabilizing the climate of the Earth. Although ambitious national and global …

Increased efforts are required to prevent further losses to terrestrial biodiversity and the
ecosystem services that it provides,. Ambitious targets have been proposed, such as …

Annual food caloric production is the product of caloric yield, cropping frequency (CF,
number of production seasons per year) and cropland area. Existing studies have largely …