The pancreatic peptide hormone insulin, first discovered exactly 100 years ago, is essential
for glycemic control and is used as a therapeutic for the treatment of type 1 and, increasingly …

Both basal and glucose-stimulated insulin release occur primarily by insulin secretory
granule exocytosis from pancreatic β cells, and both are needed to maintain normoglycemia …

Pancreatic islet β-cells exhibit tremendous plasticity for secretory adaptations that coordinate
insulin production and release with nutritional demands. This essential feature of the β-cell …

Peptide hormones are first produced as larger precursor prohormones that require
endoproteolytic cleavage to liberate the mature hormones. A structurally conserved but …

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), one severe complication in the diabetes, leads to high
mortality in the diabetic patients. However, the understanding of molecular mechanisms …

Background Lung cancer is among the major diseases threatening human health. Although
the immune response plays an important role in tumor development, its exact mechanisms …

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) facilitates the conversion of prohormones into mature hormones
and is highly expressed in multiple neuroendocrine tissues. Carriers of CPE mutations have …

The pancreatic islet β-cell's preference for release of newly synthesized insulin requires
careful coordination of insulin exocytosis with sufficient insulin granule production to ensure …

Defects in the pancreatic β-cell's secretion system are well-described in type 2 diabetes
(T2D) and include impaired proinsulin processing and a deficit in mature insulin-containing …

Protein aggregation is now a common hallmark of numerous human diseases, most of which
involve cytosolic aggregates including Aβ (AD) and⍺-synuclein (PD) in Alzheimer's disease …