Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common motor disorder that has become increasingly
prevalent in the ageing population. Recent works have suggested that circadian rhythms …

This article updates the ethical standards and methods for the conduct of high-quality animal
and human biological rhythm research, which should be especially useful for new …

Internal temporal organisation properly synchronised to the environment is crucial for health
maintenance. This organisation is provided at the cellular level by the molecular clock, a …

Melanopsin (OPN4) is an opsin photopigment that, in mammals, confers photosensitivity to
retinal ganglion cells and regulates circadian entrainment and pupil constriction. In non …

Food provided on a periodic basis can act as a potent synchronizer, being a stronger
zeitgeber than light for peripheral oscillators in mammals. In fish, however, little is known …

To investigate daily feeding rhythms in zebrafish, the authors have developed a new self-
feeding system with an infrared photocell acting as a food-demand sensor, which lets small …

Circadian rhythm may be understood as a temporal organization that works to orchestrate
physiological processes and behavior in a period of approximately 24 h. Because such …

Objective. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of hypoxia on the
expression of genes encoding endothelin-1 (EDN1) and its cognate receptors (EDNRA and …

Melanopsin has been implicated in the mammalian photoentrainment by blue light. This
photopigment, which maximally absorbs light at wavelengths between 470 and 480 nm …

Melanopsin photopigments, Opn4x and Opn4m, were evolutionary selected to “see the light”
in systems that regulate skin colour change. In this review, we analyse the roles of …