The two β-arrestins, β-arrestin-1 and-2 (systematic names: arrestin-2 and-3, respectively),
are multifunctional intracellular proteins that regulate the activity of a very large number of …

Simple Summary Head and neck cancer (HNC) incidence has been steadily increasing
since the 1990s. While the multimodal treatment approach for localized HNC is well …

Simple Summary Advanced cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer
and has variable rates of treatment response. Currently, there are some classes of …

The malignant form of melanoma is one of the deadliest human cancers that accounts for
almost all of the skin tumor-related fatalities in its later stages. Achieving an exhaustive …

Simple Summary Melanoma has the highest mortality rate of all skin cancers and its
prognosis is worsened by metastasis to the brain. Before discovering new treatments for …

Simple Summary Metastatic melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer due to its high
metastatic potential and resistance to treatment. The advent of targeted therapies has …

Skin cancer, a prevalent malignancy worldwide, poses significant health concerns owing to
its increasing incidence. Autophagy, a natural cellular process, is a pivotal event in skin …

Simple Summary Approximately 50% of patients with melanoma harbor a BRAF mutation
and are eligible for targeted therapy with BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi). Despite a …

Although small molecule drugs are widely used in chemotherapy, their low bioavailability,
low-concentrated dose in the tumor zone, systemic toxicity, and chemoresistance can …

Alkaloids are heterocyclic bases with widespread occurrence in nature. Plants are rich and
easily accessible sources of them. Most isoquinoline alkaloids have cytotoxic activity for …