Few ideas have gained such strong acceptance in the scientific community as the
monoclonal origin of tumors; the idea that tumors start with a single mutated cell (or a single …

Cancer driver mutations (CDMs) are necessary and causal for carcinogenesis and have
advantages as reporters of carcinogenic risk. However, little progress has been made …

Large‐scale sequencing efforts have described the mutational complexity of individual
cancers and identified mutations prevalent in different cancers. As a complementary …

The point mutational spectrum over nearly any 75-to 250-bp DNA sequence isolated from
cells, tissues or large populations may be discovered using denaturing capillary …

Cancer risk assessment impacts a range of societal needs, from the regulation of chemicals
to achieving the best possible human health outcomes. Because oncogene and tumor …

Abstract Background Standardized Nucleic Acid Quantification for SEQuencing (SNAQ-
SEQ) is a novel method that utilizes synthetic DNA internal standards spiked into each …

Single base substitution mutations in codons 248 and 273 of TP53 and codon 12 Kirsten-ras
(KRAS) are commonly found in human carcinomas. To determine whether these mutations …

A non-eukaryotic, metakaryotic cell with large, open mouthed, bell shaped nuclei represents
an important stem cell lineage in fetal/juvenile organogenesis in humans and rodents. Each …

Allele-specific mismatch amplification mutation assays (MAMA) of anatomically distinct
sectors of the upper bronchial tracts of nine nonsmokers revealed many numerically …

There is a need for scientifically‐sound, practical approaches to improve carcinogenicity
testing. Advances in DNA sequencing technology and knowledge of events underlying …