Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by
chronic hyperglycemia and an inadequate response to circulatory insulin by peripheral …

The prevalence of diabetes is growing worldwide with an increasing morbidity and mortality
associated with the development of diabetes complications. Free radical production is a …

Crocin, an active ingredient derived from saffron, is one of the herbal components that has
recently been considered by researchers. Crocin has been shown to have many anti …

Abstract Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are therapeutic agents that
have been used recently to reduce tubular absorption of glucose, leading to enhanced …

Plant derived phytochemical therapy is a bright candidate for treatment of diabetes and its
associated complications. Ocimum baslicum is used as an anti-diabetic traditional medicine …

Gardenia fruit (GF) is the mature fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, boasting a rich array of
nutrients and phytochemicals. Over time, GF has been extensively utilized in both food and …

The inflammatory response has an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic
nephropathy that is contributed to by inflammatory mediators such as interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), IL …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Crocus sativus L.(saffron, Iridaceae) has been traditionally
used for thousands of years as herbal medicine for many diseases, including type-2 …

Many vascular complications are related to exposure of tissues to elevated levels of glucose,
a condition that promotes oxidative stress. The primary goal of antidiabetic medication is for …

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an excellent therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia; however, its
use is limited due to its cardiotoxicity. Crocin (CRO) possesses abundant pharmacological …