The immune system evolved to distinguish non-self from self to protect the organism. As
cancer is derived from our own cells, immune responses to dysregulated cell growth present …

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) accounts for 70–80% of ovarian cancer deaths,
and overall survival has not changed significantly for several decades. In this Opinion article …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have the potential for self-renewal, differentiation and de-
differentiation, undergo epigenetic, epithelial-mesenchymal, immunological and metabolic …

Tumor relapse and metastasis are the primary causes of poor survival rates in patients with
advanced cancer despite successful resection or chemotherapeutic treatment. A primary …

The conversion of cells with an epithelial phenotype into cells with a mesenchymal
phenotype, referred to as epithelial–mesenchymal transition, is a critical process for …

The existence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) is a major reason underlying cancer
metastasis and recurrence after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Targeting BCSCs may …

Four main histological subtypes of ovarian cancer exist: serous (the most frequent),
endometrioid, mucinous and clear cell; in each subtype, low and high grade. The large …

Wnt5a is involved in activating several non-canonical WNT signaling pathways, through
binding to different members of the Frizzled-and Ror-family receptors. Wnt5a signaling is …

Since its initial identification in 1992 as a possible class 1 cell-surface receptor without a
known parent ligand, receptor tyrosine kinase–like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) has stimulated …

Pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells is regulated
by a well characterized gene transcription circuitry. The circuitry is assembled by ESC …