Active fluids exhibit spontaneous flows with complex spatiotemporal structure, which have
been observed in bacterial suspensions, sperm cells, cytoskeletal suspensions, self …

The fascinating patterns of collective motion created by autonomously driven particles have
fuelled active-matter research for over two decades. So far, theoretical active-matter …

Active matter, which ranges from molecular motors to groups of animals, exists at different
length scales and timescales, and various computational models have been proposed to …

Collective cell migration is a key driver of embryonic development, wound healing, and
some types of cancer invasion. Here, we provide a physical perspective of the mechanisms …

Membraneless compartments, also known as condensates, provide chemically distinct
environments and thus spatially organize the cell. A well-studied example of condensates is …

A passive solid cannot do work on its surroundings through any quasistatic cycle of
deformations. This property places strong constraints on the allowed elastic moduli. In this …

Fluid dynamics plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including the locomotion of
cells such as bacteria and spermatozoa. These organisms possess flagella, slender …

The soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus lives in densely packed groups that form dynamic
three-dimensional patterns in response to environmental changes, such as droplet-like …

Phase separation is the thermodynamic process that explains how droplets form in
multicomponent fluids. These droplets can provide controlled compartments to localize …

Active matter agents consume internal energy or extract energy from the environment for
locomotion and force generation. Already, rather generic models, such as ensembles of …