Coral reefs provide critical services to coastal communities, and these services rely on
ecosystem functions threatened by stressors. By summarizing the threats to the functioning …

Surgeonfishes have had a long evolutionary history that has been closely linked with coral
reef ecosystems. Today they are a key component of reef fish assemblages, playing a …

Global climate change will drive declines in coral reefs over coming decades. Yet, the
relative role of temperature versus acidification, and the ability of resultant ecosystems to …

Ocean acidification—decreasing oceanic pH resulting from the uptake of excess
atmospheric CO2—has the potential to affect marine life in the future. Among the possible …

Algal turfs are likely to rise in prominence on coral reefs in the Anthropocene. In these
ecosystems the sediments bound within algal turfs will shape ecosystem functions and the …

The reef flat is one of the largest and most distinctive habitats on coral reefs, yet its role in
reef trophodynamics is poorly understood. Evolutionary evidence suggests that reef flat …

Coral reefs are highly productive ecosystems, with much of this productivity arising from the
algal turfs which cover the hard reef substratum. This productivity can flow up the food chain …

Levels of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO 2) projected to occur in the world's oceans in the
near future have been reported to increase swimming activity and impair predator …

Projected ocean acidification will have a detrimental impact on coral reef ecosystems, where
fleshy algae are expected to replace corals. Of particular importance to reef ecosystems are …

The global problem of ocean acidification and localised decline in water quality are major
threats to coral reefs worldwide. This study examined the individual and interactive impacts …