Plants associate with communities of microbes (bacteria and fungi) that play critical roles in
plant development, nutrient acquisition and oxidative stress tolerance. The major share of …

The innate immune system of plants recognizes microbial pathogens and terminates their
growth. However, recent findings suggest that at least one layer of this system is also …

The Basidiomycota constitutes a major phylum of the kingdom Fungi and is second in
species numbers to the Ascomycota. The present work provides an overview of all validly …

Plants can be colonized by fungi that have adopted highly diverse lifestyles, ranging from
symbiotic to necrotrophic. Colonization is governed in all systems by hundreds of secreted …

Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve plant health. Induced systemic
resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected plant growth …

During the diversification of Fungi and the rise of conifer-dominated and angiosperm-
dominated forests, mutualistic symbioses developed between certain trees and …

Various conceptual models to describe the plant immune system have been presented. The
most recent paradigm to gain wide acceptance in the field is often referred to as the zigzag …

Endophytes constitute a remarkably multifarious group of microorganisms ubiquitous in
plants and maintain an imperceptible association with their hosts for at least a part of their …

Basidiomycete fungi subsist on various types of plant material in diverse environments, from
living and dead trees and forest litter to crops and grasses and to decaying plant matter in …

Plant roots interact with an enormous diversity of commensal, mutualistic, and pathogenic
microbes, which poses a big challenge to roots to distinguish beneficial microbes from …