The intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) that reside within the epithelium of the intestine form
one of the main branches of the immune system. As IELs are located at this critical interface …

Following successful gene rearrangement at αβ T-cell receptor (TCR) loci, developing
thymocytes express both CD4 and CD8 co-receptors and undergo a life-or-death selection …

Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T (TRM) cells are found at common sites of pathogen
exposure, where they elicit rapid and robust protective immune responses,. However, the …

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM cells) in the airways mediate protection against
respiratory infection. We characterized TRM cells expressing integrin αE (CD103) that reside …

Compelling evidence suggests that the transcription factor Foxp3 acts as a master switch
governing the development and function of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). However …

INTRODUCTION Successful immune responses to infections generate memory T cells that
provide enhanced protection from reinfection by the same pathogen. Some memory cells …

Compelling evidence suggests that Foxp3‐expressing CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T cells
(Treg) are generated within the thymus as a separate lineage. However, Foxp3+ CD4+ Treg …

Cell differentiation involves activation and silencing of lineage-specific genes. Here we
show that the transcription factor Runx3 is induced in T helper type 1 (TH1) cells in a T-bet …

The gut mucosa hosts large numbers of activated lymphocytes that are exposed to stimuli
from the diet, microbiota and pathogens. Although CD4+ T cells are crucial for defense …

A fundamental benefit of immunological memory is the ability to respond in an enhanced
manner upon secondary encounter with the same pathogen. Tissue-resident memory CD8 T …