Beneficial microbes induce resistance in plants (MIR), imposing both lethal and sublethal
effects on herbivorous insects. We argue that herbivores surviving MIR carry metabolic and …

Heliconius butterflies, a speciose genus of Müllerian mimics, represent a classic example of
an adaptive radiation that includes a range of derived dietary, life history, physiological and …

Host shift is ecologically advantageous and a crucial driver for herbivore insect speciation.
Insects on the non-native host obtain enemy-free space and confront reduced competition …

Lepidoptera, an order of insects traditionally linked to the aerial habitat, are much more
diverse in their living environment than the clichéd image we may have of them. The imago …

Chemical defense is a widespread anti-predator strategy exhibited by organisms, with
individuals either synthesizing or extrinsically acquiring defensive chemicals. In some …

Abiotic resource limitation presents organisms with a dilemma about how to use resources
when they become available. Characterizing how resource allocation affects investment in …

The introduction of exotic plants into different habitats can have varied consequences for
local herbivorous insects, such as altered the nutrient profiles that induce the host plant …

Aposematic animals advertise their toxicity or unpalatability with bright warning coloration.
However, acquiring and maintaining chemical defenses can be energetically costly, and …

Insect herbivores, such as lepidopteran larvae, often have close evolutionary relationships
with their host plants, with which they may be locked in an evolutionary arms race. Larval …

Many herbivorous insect species exhibit phenotypic plasticity when using multiple hosts,
which facilitates survival in heterogeneous host environments. Physiological host …