Multi-terminal direct current (MTDC) grids provide the possibility of meshed interconnections
between regional power systems and various renewable energy resources to boost supply …

Fault-current handling capability of the modular multilevel converters (MMCs) under dc-
cable short-circuit conditions is a major concern for the MMC applications on the high …

Input-series-output-parallel (ISOP) isolated bidirectional direct current (dc)/dc converter
(IBdc) becomes a preferred scheme connecting high-voltage and low-voltage bus in dc …

High voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission systems play an essential role in our
modern power grids, not only providing bulk power transmission and asynchronous ac …

This paper investigates the stability of a modular multi-level converter (MMC) based HVDC
system connected to a weak ac grid. Impedance analysis is used to study the interactions …

In this article, a back-stepping method (BSM) in abc reference is presented to establish the
stable operating conditions for modular multilevel converter (MMC). The designed BSM …

Nearest-level control (NLC) is a popular technique used in modular multilevel converters
(MMCs) with a large number of submodules (SMs) owing to the NLC's flexibility and ease of …

As in grid-tied Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC), the steady-state operation under
asymmetric grid conditions is rather general, especially for the overhead line of the AC …

The modular multilevel converters (MMCs) are frequently preferred for medium and high
power energy conversion systems thanks to their modular structure and high quality output …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is one of the most attractive topologies for high-
voltage and high-power applications. Reliability is an important challenge for MMCs due to …