Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, explores relationships among entities using vertices
and edges. To address the uncertainties inherent in real-world networks, Uncertain Graph …

The fuzzy set (FS) is a powerful logic designed to measure uncertain information and plays a
crucial role in solving real-life problems such as decision-making. This article is split into two …

Hypersoft sets (HSSs) have gained popularity because of their ability to formulate data in the
form of several trait-valued disjoint sets that blend various traits. Motivated by this idea, in …

Groups and subgroups are rich algebraic structures, and both of them depend on binary
operations in their work. The discussion of this paper is organized into two parts. In the first …

Classical graph classes include undirected graphs, where edges lack orientation, and
directed graphs, where edges have specific directions. Recently, concepts such as …

Rough set is a very powerful invention to the whole world for dealing with uncertain,
incomplete and imprecise problems. Also soft set theory and neutrosophic set theory are …

Graph theory, a branch of mathematics, explores relationships among objects using vertices
and edges [106]. A specialized area within this field, Uncertain Graph Theory, is designed to …

In this manuscript, we introduce the notion of neutrosophic soft rough topology (NSR-
topology) defined on neutrosophic soft rough set (NSR-set). We define certain properties of …

Rough set is a world-renowned innovation for dealing with ambiguous, incomplete, and
imprecise situations. Soft set theory and neutrosophic set theory are other advanced …

The soft rough set model was introduced by Fing in 2011 and can be considered as a
generalized rough set model, in which an interesting connection was established between …