Nitric oxide (NO) works as a retrograde neurotransmitter in synapses, allows the brain blood
flow and also has important roles in intracellular signaling in neurons from the regulation of …

The complexity of human DNA has been affected by aerobic metabolism, including
endurance exercise and oxygen toxicity. Aerobic endurance exercise could play an …

The cysteine (Cys) proteome is a major component of the adaptive interface between the
genome and the exposome. The thiol moiety of Cys undergoes a range of biologic …

During the past few decades, it has been widely recognized that Reduction-Oxidation
(redox) responses occurring at the intra-and extra-cellular levels are one of most important …

Significance: All cells must maintain a balance between oxidants and reductants, while
allowing for fluctuations in redox states triggered by signaling, altered metabolic flow, or …

Abstract Significance: The thioredoxin (Trx) system, comprising nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide phosphate, Trx reductase (TrxR), and Trx, is critical for maintaining cellular …

Thioredoxin binding protein (TXNIP) has multiple functions and plays an important role in
redox homeostasis. TXNIP increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and …

Significance: Nitric oxide (NO) regulates a diverse range of cellular processes, including
vasodilation, neurotransmission, and antimicrobial and anti-tumor activities. S-nitrosylation …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by defects in both insulin sensitivity and
glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and is often accompanied by obesity. In this …

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the rate-limiting de novo synthesis of 2′-
deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides and thereby provides …