Background Odontoid process fractures are among the most common in elderly cervical
spines. Their treatment often requires fixation, which may include use of implants anteriorly …

Purpose Measurement of vertebral axial rotation (VAR) is relevant for the assessment of
scoliosis. Stokes method allows estimating VAR in frontal X-rays from the relative position of …

Background: For spinal surgery, exact knowledge about the shape of individual vertebra is
of great importance. However, due to the complex morphological features of human …

The measurement of vertebral rotation angles serves as a crucial parameter in spinal
assessments, particularly in understanding conditions such as idiopathic scoliosis …

The 3D analysis of the spine deformities (scoliosis) has a high potential in its clinical
diagnosis and treatment. In a biplanar radiographs context, a 3D analysis requires a 3D …

Three dimensional reconstruction is essential in accurate diagnosis of numerous spinal
deformities which are 3D in nature. The stereo-radiographic reconstruction involving bi …

Objectives Pedicle location and recognition play important roles in spinal morphology
analysis and orthodontic screw implantation, which can help doctors avoid injuring the …

Complex deformities of the spine, like scoliosis, are evaluated more precisely using stereo-
radiographic 3D reconstruction techniques. Primarily, it uses six stereo-corresponding points …

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the spine is necessary in proper diagnosis of various
spinal deformities. This is normally achieved using stereo-radiographic techniques involving …

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the human spine is very much essential in diagnosis,
planning of surgery and treatment of several spinal deformities. This can be achieved using …