Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and
hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Due to the shared modes of transmission, coinfection …

In the past decade, the tendency to move from a global, one-size-fits-all treatment
philosophy to personalized medicine is based, in part, on the nuanced differences and sub …

Detection of cellular response by measuring intracellular calcium,(Ca2+) i with Ca2+-
dependent fluorescent dye are standard approaches to detect ligand-stimulated cells and to …

Variable immune responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and recombinant HBV
vaccines have been associated with polymorphisms in several genes within the human …

All persons at risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) types 1 and 2,
including men who have sex with men, those with multiple heterosexual contacts, abusers of …

Following genomics and proteomics, cytomics, a novel method of looking at life, has
emerged for analyzing large populations of cells on a single‐cell basis with multiple …

Nonresponsiveness against hepatitis B vaccination has been described in 4–10% of
immunized subjects. We have explored the specific cell response to hepatitis B surface …

Abstract Hyporesponsiveness (anti-HBs 10-100 IU/l) or non-responsiveness (anti-HBs< 10
IU/l) to hepatitis B vaccines is a problem in approximately 20-70% of HIV-positive patients …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immunological disorder that is usually treated with
immunosuppressive therapy, potentially leading to increases in vulnerability to infections …

Background The cellular mechanisms involved in the lack of protective antibody response
after hepatitis B vaccination are still rather unclear. Regulatory B cells (Breg) known as …