Carbonatites are formed from volatile-rich melts, commonly associated with a characteristic
hydrothermal footprint. However, studies of their fluid inclusions are relatively scarce and …

The rare earth elements (REE) are critical raw materials for much of modern technology,
particularly renewable energy infrastructure and electric vehicles that are vital for the energy …

Carbonate melts produced by partial melting of the carbonated mantle or by liquid
immiscibility from mantle-derived silicate melts provide insights into the deep carbon cycle …

The discrepancy between Na-rich compositions of modern carbonatitic lavas (Oldoinyo
Lengai volcano) and alkali-poor ancient carbonatites remains a topical problem in petrology …

Abstract The Pleistocene (~ 460–265 ka) San Venanzo volcanic complex belongs to the IAP
(Intra-Apennine Province) in central Italy, which comprises at least four small Pleistocene …

Natural carbonatite is associated with various types of deposits, including rare earth
elements (REEs) and high-field strength elements (eg, Nb). Although the spatial relationship …

The Vuoriyarvi Devonian carbonatite–ijolite–pyroxenite–olivinite complex comprises several
carbonatite fields: Neske Vara, Tukhta-Vara, and Petyayan-Vara. The most common …

The origin of dolomite that hosts the Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit (57.4 Mt.@ 6% REE 2 O
3, 2.16 Mt.@ 0.13% Nb 2 O 5, and> 1500 Mt.@ 35% iron oxides) has been controversial for …

Population growth and technological progress in the last 50 years have resulted in the
global demand for mineral resources increasing by 400% since 1970, and it is further …

The 650–621 Ma plume which impinged beneath the Siberian craton during the breakup of
Rodinia caused the formation of several alkaline carbonatite massifs in craton margins of the …