Cholesterol metabolism produces essential membrane components as well as metabolites
with a variety of biological functions. In the tumour microenvironment, cell-intrinsic and cell …

Treatments that block tumour necrosis factor (TNF) have major beneficial effects in several
autoimmune and rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. However, some …

Brain macrophage populations include parenchymal microglia, border-associated
macrophages, and recruited monocyte-derived cells; together, they control brain …

Microenvironment-responsive hydrogels present high potential in treating refractory wounds
due to their capability of on-demand drug release. In this study, a specially designed …

Sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) is activated by cytokines or
pathogen, such as virus or bacteria, but its association with diminished cholesterol levels in …

Background Infectious agents can reprogram or “train” macrophages and their progenitors to
respond more readily to subsequent insults. However, whether such an inflammatory …

Abstract pH is tightly maintained at cellular, tissue, and systemic levels, and altered pH–
particularly in the acidic range–is associated with infection, injury, solid tumors, and …

Macrophage polarization is influenced by lipids, which also exert significant control over
macrophage functions. Lipids and their metabolites are players in intricate signaling …

Bacterial infections can significantly impede wound healing and pose a serious threat to the
patient's life. The excessive use of antibiotics to combat bacterial infections has led to the …

The immune system protects the body against harm by inducing inflammation. During the
immune response, cells of the immune system get activated, divided and differentiated in …