BACKGROUND The Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region in south Asia is one of the most
heavily glacierized and vulnerable mountainous regions on Earth. The Indus, Ganges, and …

The mountain cryosphere of mainland Europe is recognized to have important impacts on a
range of environmental processes. In this paper, we provide an overview on the current …

Glacier shrinkage and the development of post-glacial ecosystems related to anthropogenic
climate change are some of the fastest ongoing ecosystem shifts, with marked ecological …

Abstract Glaciers in High Mountain Asia generate meltwater that supports the water needs of
250 million people, but current knowledge of annual accumulation and ablation is limited to …

Glaciers cover∼ 10% of the Earth's land surface, but they are shrinking rapidly across most
parts of the world, leading to cascading impacts on downstream systems. Glaciers impart …

Glaciers are key components of the mountain water towers of Asia and are vital for
downstream domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses. The glacier mass loss rate over the …

Glaciers in the European Alps play an important role in the hydrological cycle, act as a
source for hydroelectricity and have a large touristic importance. The future evolution of …

Rivers originating in the high mountains of Asia are among the most meltwater-dependent
river systems on Earth, yet large human populations depend on their resources downstream …

Worldwide glacier retreat and associated future runoff changes raise major concerns over
the sustainability of global water resources,,–, but global-scale assessments of glacier …

This report was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in order to provide
basic information for use in climate change adaptation in Svalbard. It includes descriptions …