The M1/M2 macrophage paradigm plays a key role in tumor progression. M1 macrophages
are historically regarded as anti-tumor, while M2-polarized macrophages, commonly …

Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is
both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve …

The chronic inflammation of tumor continues to recruit TAMs (tumor− associated
macrophages) to the TME (tumor microenvironment) and promote polarization. Pro …

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is an incurable low-grade lymphoma with no standard
therapy. Nine asymptomatic patients treated with a first-in-human, neoantigen DNA vaccine …

Acquired ibrutinib resistance due to BTKCys481 mutations occurs in B-cell malignancies,
including those with MYD88 mutations. BTKCys481 mutations are usually subclonal, and …

Dogma holds that plasma cells, as opposed to B cells, cannot bind antigen because they
have switched from expression of membrane-bound immunoglobulins (Ig) that constitute the …

Introduction The androgen receptor (AR) is the most highly expressed steroid receptor in
breast cancer with 75–95% of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and 40–70% of ER-negative …

Real-time monitoring in the tumor microenvironment provides critical insights of cancer
progression and mechanistic understanding of responses to cancer treatments. However …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive histological subtype with limited
treatment options and a worse clinical outcome compared with other breast cancer …

Liver metastases (LM) remain a major cause of cancer-related death and are a major clinical
challenge. LM and the female sex are predictors of a poorer response to immunotherapy but …