The IL-6 family of cytokines consists of IL-6, IL-11, IL-27, IL-31, oncostatin M (OSM),
leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1) …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a failure of
spontaneous resolution of inflammation. Although the pro-inflammatory cytokines and …

Cytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts (OCs), the sole
bone resorbing cells, are regulated by numerous cytokines. Macrophage colony-stimulating …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown
etiology. It is characterized by the presence of rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated …

Bone undergoes continuous remodeling, which is homeostatically regulated by concerted
communication between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-degrading osteoclasts …

The successful treatment of certain autoimmune conditions with the humanized anti–IL-6
receptor (IL-6R) antibody tocilizumab has emphasized the clinical importance of cytokines …

The complicated connections and cross talk between the skeletal system and the immune
system are attracting more attention, which is developing into the field of Osteoimmunology …

Chronic inflammatory processes close to bone often lead to loss of bone in diseases such as
rheumatoid arthritis, periodontitis, loosened joint prosthesis and tooth implants. This is …

Bone is a mineralized and elastic connective tissue that provides fundamental functions in
the human body, including mechanical support to the muscles and joints, protection of vital …

Abstract Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a new member of the IL-12 family. It is produced by
activated antigen-presenting cells and plays an important role in the regulation of CD4+ T …