The preproglucagon gene (Gcg) is expressed by specific enteroendocrine cells (L-cells) of
the intestinal mucosa, pancreatic islet α-cells, and a discrete set of neurons within the …

The liver plays a unique role in controlling carbohydrate metabolism by maintaining glucose
concentrations in a normal range over both short and long periods of times. In type 2 …

Mitochondria are critical for respiration in all tissues; however, in liver, these organelles also
accommodate high-capacity anaplerotic/cataplerotic pathways that are essential to …

Abstract p53 regulates several signaling pathways to maintain the metabolic homeostasis of
cells and modulates the cellular response to stress. Deficiency or excess of nutrients causes …

The transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3)
contributes to various physiological processes. Here we show that mice with liver-specific …

Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have a greater risk of developing type 2
diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanism of this association is unclear. In this study, we …

When dietary carbohydrate is unavailable, glucose required to support metabolism in vital
tissues is generated via gluconeogenesis in the liver. Expression of phosphoenolpyruvate …

Hepatic insulin resistance is a critical component in the development of type 2 diabetes
mellitus. In many cases, insulin resistance in liver is associated with reduced expression of …

OBJECTIVE Obesity is associated with a state of chronic low-grade inflammation mediated
by immune cells that are primarily located to adipose tissue and liver. The chronic …

Abnormal elevation of hepatic gluconeogenesis is central to the onset of hyperglycaemia in
patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin corrects hyperglycaemia through …