The natural history of cancers can be understood through the lens of evolution given that the
driving forces of cancer development are mutation and selection of fitter clones. Cancer …

Somatic mosaicism, the occurrence of multiple genetically distinct cell clones within the
same tissue, is an evitable consequence of human aging. The hematopoietic system is no …

Age-related change in human haematopoiesis causes reduced regenerative capacity,
cytopenias, immune dysfunction and increased risk of blood cancer,–, but the reason for …

Human epithelial tissues accumulate cancer-driver mutations with age,,,,,,,–, yet tumour
formation remains rare. The positive selection of these mutations suggests that they alter the …

Recent studies have documented frequent evolution of clones carrying common cancer
mutations in apparently normal tissues, which are implicated in cancer development …

The incidence of keratinocyte cancer (basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin)
is 17-fold lower in Singapore than the UK,–, despite Singapore receiving 2–3 times more …

Oncogenic PIK3CA mutations generate large clones in aging human esophagus. Here we
investigate the behavior of Pik3ca mutant clones in the normal esophageal epithelium of …

The epigenetic regulator, MLL4 (KMT2D), has been described as an essential gene in both
humans and mice. In addition, it is one of the most commonly mutated genes in all of cancer …

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a form of skin cancer originating from keratinocytes
in the skin. It is the second most common type of cancer and is responsible for an estimated …

Genetic mutations accumulate in an organism's body throughout its lifetime. While somatic
single-nucleotide variants have been well characterized in the human body, the patterns …