Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was initially characterized as a potent angiogenic
factor based on its activity on the vascular system. However, it is now well established that …

This review examines kinetic properties and distribution of the 11 isoforms of myosin heavy
chain (MyHC) expressed in extraocular muscle (EOM) fibre types and the regulation and …

Abstract Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) involves protracted pre-symptomatic periods of
abnormal motor neuron (MN) excitability occurring in parallel with central and peripheral …

The most evident phenotype of degenerative motoneuron disease is the loss of motor
function which accompanies motoneuron death. In both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) …

Introduction Extraocular muscles are innervated by two anatomically and histochemically
distinct motoneuron populations: motoneurons of multiply-innervated fibers (MIF), and of …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a chronic progressive degeneration of motor neurons and
has a high mortality. Riluzole and edaravone are the only approved medications currently …

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key player in brain functions such as
synaptic plasticity, stress, and behavior. Its gene structure in rodents contains 8 untranslated …

This review deals with the developmental origins of extraocular, jaw and laryngeal muscles,
the expression, regulation and functional significance of sarcomeric myosin heavy chains …

Purpose: Little is known about the effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on extraocular
muscles, but microarray studies suggested CNTF might play a role in the development …

Purpose: To determine whether neurotrophic factors and innervation in extraocular muscles
(EOMs) were altered in different types of concomitant esotropia, and to explore the possible …