Increased urbanization represents a formidable challenge for wildlife. Nevertheless, a few
species appear to thrive in the evolutionarily novel environment created by cities …

Conservation physiology proposes that measures of physiological stress (glucocorticoid
levels) can be used to assess the status and future fate of natural populations. Increases in …

Urbanization is intensifying worldwide, with two-thirds of the human population expected to
reside in cities within 30 years. The role of cities in human infectious disease is well …

The dramatic increase in human activities all over the world has caused, on an evolutionary
time scale, a sudden rise in especially low‐pitched noise levels. Ambient noise may be …

Urban development can alter resource availability, land use, and community composition,
which, in turn, influences wildlife health. Generalizable relationships between wildlife health …

Our goal in this review is to discuss how measures beyond simple quantification of total
glucocorticoid levels are needed in comparative studies of stress. We need to measure …

The concept of a pace‐of‐life syndrome describes inter‐and intraspecific variation in several
life‐history traits along a slow‐to‐fast pace‐of‐life continuum, with long lifespans, low …

The never–ending tension between finding food and avoiding predators may be the most
universal natural stressor wild animals experience. The 'chronic stress' hypothesis …

Summary 1 Urbanized habitats differ from natural ones in several ecological features,
including climate, food availability, strength of predation and competition. Although the …

Wild animals are brought into captivity for many reasons—conservation, research,
agriculture and the exotic pet trade. While the physical needs of animals are met in captivity …