Carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving mutation and the subsequent selective
clonal expansion of the mutated cell. Chemical and physical agents including those that …

The generation of reactive oxygen species may be both beneficial to cells, performing a
function in inter-and intracellular signalling, and detrimental, modifying cellular …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are induced through a variety of endogenous and
exogenous sources. Overwhelming of antioxidant and DNA repair mechanisms in the cell by …

Common polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may alter protein function and an individual's
capacity to repair damaged DNA; deficits in repair capacity may lead to genetic instability …

Oxidatively induced DNA damage is caused in living organisms by endogenous and
exogenous reactive species. DNA lesions resulting from this type of damage are mutagenic …

Endogenous and exogenous sources cause oxidatively induced DNA damage in living
organisms by a variety of mechanisms. The resulting DNA lesions are mutagenic and …

Genetic variations in DNA repair genes are thought to modulate DNA repair capacity and
are suggested to be related to cancer risk. However, epidemiologic findings have been …

The gene encoding human 8‐oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) is involved in DNA base
excision repair. The encoded DNA glycosylase excises 7, 8‐dihydro‐8‐oxoguanine (8 …

Base damage or loss occurs at high frequency in the cells (almost 104 bases are damaged
and hydrolysed per cell per day). DNA repair is fundamental to maintain genomic integrity …

The etiology of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been shown to be
associated with genetic and certain environmental factors that produce DNA damage. Base …