Honey bees are both important pollinators and model insects due to their highly developed
sociality and colony management. To better understand the molecular mechanisms …

A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary glutamine
supplementation on survival, growth performance, activities of digestive enzyme, antioxidant …

Aquaculture provides important food, nutrition, and income sources for humans. However,
aquaculture industry is seriously threatened by viral diseases. Infectious spleen and kidney …

Normalization of gene expression data using appropriate reference genes is critical to
diminish any technical bias in an experiment involving quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) …

The accuracy of quantitative real time PCR (RTqPCR) can be attained only when a suitable
reference gene is used. The gene expression for a particular gene may vary within different …

The development of craniofacial skeletal structures requires well-orchestrated tissue
interactions controlled by distinct molecular signals. Disruptions in normal function of these …

Reference genes (RGs) must have a stable expression in tissues in all experimental
conditions to normalize real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) data …

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a reliable tool for gene expression analysis
in various organisms. Its use in aquaculture and study of fish physiology is increasing day by …

In this study, we screened the expression stability of six reference genes (18S rRNA, β-actin,
GAPDH, EF1a, B2M, and HPRT1) in hybrid yellow catfish (n= 6), considering the SBM …

Accurate quantification of gene expression is fundamental for understanding the molecular,
genetic and functional bases of tissue development and diseases. Quantitative real‐time …