The intracellular environment represents an extremely crowded milieu, with a limited amount
of free water and an almost complete lack of unoccupied space. Obviously, slightly salted …

Complex coacervation driven liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers has
been attracting attention as a novel phase in living cells. Studies of LLPS in this context are …

An increasing number of studies are aimed at modeling cellular environments in a
comprehensive and realistic fashion. A major challenge in these efforts is how to bridge …

STING, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident receptor for cyclic di-nucleotides (CDNs), is
essential for innate immune responses. Upon CDN binding, STING moves from the ER to …

The formation of cytomimetic protocells that capture the physicochemical aspects of living
cells is an important goal in bottom-up synthetic biology. Here, we recreated the crowded …

Two-trial learning in Aplysia reveals nonlinear interactions between training trials: A single
trial has no effect, but two precisely spaced trials induce long-term memory. Extracellularly …

Activating mutations in RAS are present in~ 30% of human tumors, and the resulting
aberrations in ERK/MAPK signaling play a central role in oncogenesis. However, the form of …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38α is a central component of signaling in
inflammation and the immune response and is, therefore, an important drug target. Little is …

We present a data-driven approach to characterizing nonidentifiability of a model's
parameters and illustrate it through dynamic as well as steady kinetic models. By employing …

Finding the target site and associating in a specific orientation are essential tasks for DNA-
binding proteins. In order to make the target search process as efficient as possible, proteins …