Cytokines are one of the most important components of the immune system. They
orchestrate the brain's response to infectious and other exogenous insults and are crucial …

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is an important and unresolved problem in
biological and clinical psychiatry. Approximately 30% of cases of schizophrenia (Sch) are …

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric illness affecting almost 25 million people worldwide
and is conceptualized as a disorder of synaptic plasticity and brain connectivity …

Two of the molecular families closely associated with mediating communication between the
brain and immune system are cytokines and the kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan. Both …

Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder that affects 1% of people over their lifetime.
The etiology and mechanism of schizophrenia are very complex, and many genes are …

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the gene expression of the P2X purinoceptor 7
(P2X7R)-nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) signal pathway in …

Accumulating evidence suggests that immune system dysregulation is associated with
debilitating neurodevelopment in schizophrenia (SZ). Cognitive impairment is a persistent …

Abstract Purpose of Review Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective form of treatment
for several psychiatric disorders. Cytokines are key mediators of immune-inflammatory …

The clinical burden of mental illness, in particular schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, are
driven by frequent chronic courses and increased mortality, as well as the risk for comorbid …

Introduction: An imbalance of the genetically determined cytokine response plays a key role
in the etiology of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). In recent years, an attempt has …