Self-organization is pervasive in development, from symmetry breaking in the early embryo
to tissue patterning and morphogenesis. For a few model systems, the underlying molecular …

Structural coloration has attracted great interest from scientists and engineers in recent
years, owing to fascination with various brilliant examples displayed in nature as well as to …

Many chameleons, and panther chameleons in particular, have the remarkable ability to
exhibit complex and rapid colour changes during social interactions such as male contests …

Many reptiles, such as Phelsuma geckos, skillfully employ both structural and pigmentary
elements to generate versatile colors. Meanwhile, they can also modulate skin brightness …

Chromatophore organs in cephalopod skin are known to produce ultra-fast changes in
appearance for camouflage and communication. Light-scattering pigment granules within …

Animal integumentary coloration plays a crucial role in visual communication and
camouflage, and varies extensively among and within species and populations. To …

In vertebrates, skin colour patterns emerge from nonlinear dynamical microscopic systems of
cell interactions. Here we show that in ocellated lizards a quasi-hexagonal lattice of skin …

The past decade has witnessed remarkable advances in mechanochromic photonic crystals
with potential applications in smart displays, strain sensors, biomedical devices, household …

Smart surfaces that can dynamically respond to environmental stimuli have demonstrated
great promise in wearable electronics and optical detectors. Herein, a photopatternable …

The ability to change appearance over a range of timescales is widespread in nature,
existing in many invertebrate and vertebrate groups. This can include color change …