The complexity of hardware designs has increased over the years due to the rapid
advancement of technology coupled with the need to support diverse and complex features …

Purpose This study is a systematic literature review of the application of artificial intelligence
(AI) in safety-critical systems. The authors aim to present the current application status …

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) play a critical role in the industrial control systems.
Vulnerabilities in PLC programs might lead to attacks causing devastating consequences to …

Physical attacks, including passive Side-Channel Analysis and active Fault Injection
Analysis, are considered among the most powerful threats against physical cryptographic …

Context: Safety is of paramount importance for cyber–physical systems in domains such as
automotive, robotics, and avionics. Formal methods such as model checking are one way to …

Mechatronic systems are a class of cyber-physical systems, whose increasing complexity
makes their validation and verification more and more difficult, while their requirements …

With the increasing need to apply modern software techniques to hardware design, Verilog,
the most popular Hardware Description Language (HDL), plays an infrastructure role …

Because of the shrinking transistor size and improved design process, the computation
capability of modern digital systems has increased tremendously over the past few years …

The increased complexity of modern engineered systems has introduced novel challenges
for assessing their safety early in the life cycle. For example, due to the iterative nature of the …

Cyber–physical systems (CPS) are often modelled using Simulink to simulate plant and
controller behaviour by block diagrams. However, since the incomplete coverage of …