Targeted drugs have changed cancer treatment but are often ineffective in the long term
against solid tumours, largely because of the activation of heterogeneous oncogenic …

Proline is unique in the realm of amino acids in its ability to adopt completely distinct cis and
trans conformations, which allows it to act as a backbone switch that is controlled by prolyl …

A common key regulator of oncogenic signaling pathways in multiple tumor types is the
unique isomerase Pin1. However, available Pin1 inhibitors lack the required specificity and …

Protein phosphorylation regulates many cellular processes by causing changes in protein
conformation. The prolyl isomerase PIN1 has been identified as a regulator of …

The Raf-1 kinase is an important signaling molecule, functioning in the Ras pathway to
transmit mitogenic, differentiative, and oncogenic signals to the downstream kinases MEK …

Pin1 is a highly conserved enzyme that only isomerizes specific phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro
bonds in certain proteins, thereby inducing conformational changes. Such conformational …

The c-Myc transcription factor is a potent regulator of cellular proliferation and cell fate
decision. Precise regulation of c-Myc protein levels is essential to maintain normal cell …

Phosphorylation of proteins on serine or threonine residues preceding proline (pSer/Thr-
Pro) is a major regulatory mechanism in cell proliferation and transformation. Interestingly …

Pin1 is the only known peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase (PPIase) that specifically
recognizes and isomerizes the phosphorylated Serine/Threonine-Proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) …

The activity of the ERK has complex spatial and temporal dynamics that are important for the
specificity of downstream effects. However, current biochemical techniques do not allow for …