The majority of flowering plants relies on animal pollinators for sexual reproduction and
many animal pollinators rely on floral resources. However, interests of plants and pollinators …

Flowers of many angiosperm species are well adapted to avoid self-pollination, for &tame by
temporal aMd spatial separation of pollen and stigma within the same Power. However …

The honeybee Apis mellifera is currently in decline worldwide because of the combined
impacts of Colony Collapse Disorder and the Varroa destructor mite. In order to gain a …

Immobility complicates mating by angiosperms because the transfer of male gametes
between individuals requires pollen vectors. Although abiotic and biotic vectors can …

'Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York
11794 USA. effectiveness as pollinators (eg, Schemske and Horvitz 1984, 1988, Herrera …

The hypothesis that early flowering plants were insect-pollinated could be tested by an
examination of the pollination biology of basal angiosperms and the pollination modes of …

We compared pollen removal and deposition by hummingbirds and bumblebees visiting
bird‐syndrome Penstemon barbatus and bee‐syndrome P. strictus flowers. One model for …

In the hummingbird‐pollinated herb Ipomopsis aggregata, selection through male function
during pollination favors wide corolla tubes. We explored the mechanisms behind this …

An activity pattern is the change in levels of a particular activity through time. Activity pattern
data form the basis of much of behavioral ecology for two simple reasons. First, they tell us …

Plant–pollinator interactions are one of the most important and variable mutualisms in
nature. Multiple pollinators often visit plants and can vary in visitation rates, pollen removal …