Until now, the human expert segments retinal blood vessels manually in fundus images to
inspect human retinal-related diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and vascular occlusion …

Images are sometimes affected by improper illumination and are dark. This happens usually
in medical images or the images acquired in low light conditions. This paper focuses on …

A color fundus image is a photograph obtained using a fundus camera of the inner wall of
the eyeball. In the image, doctors may see changes in the retinal vessels, which can be used …

Retinal vessels play an important role in the diagnostic procedure of retinopathy. A new
retinal vessel enhancement method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the optimal bright and …

Retinal vessel segmentation plays a vital role in computer-aided diagnosis and treatment of
retinal diseases. Considering the low contrast between retinal vessels and the background …

Abstract The Hessian-based Frangi vesselness filter is commonly used to enhance
vasculature in optoacoustic (photoacoustic) images, but its accuracy and limitations have …

Retinal imaging plays the most significant roles among all the medical imaging technology,
because of its ability to derive various features that is related to various eye diseases. Thus …

Retinal images show an essential role in Ophthalmology to diagnosis wide set of diseases.
In this direction, using retinal images in computerized techniques increases the ability of …

Retinal images are low contrast, complex, suffer the problems of blurring and uneven
illumination. So, it is very difficult to identify the vascular abnormalities. Some of the existing …

Diabetic Retinopathy occurs in patients who suffer from diabetes for many years and as a
result of which the vision gets affected. The affect can be low to severe depending on the …