Although hormones such as glucocorticoids have been broadly accepted in recent decades
as general neuromodulators of memory processes, sex steroid hormones such as the potent …

Estrogens are the primary female sex hormones and play important roles in both
reproductive and non-reproductive systems. Estrogens can be synthesized in non …

A historical perspective on estradiol's enhancement of cognitive function is presented, and
research, primarily in animals, but also in humans, is reviewed. Data regarding the …

Ample evidence has demonstrated that sex steroid hormones, such as the potent estrogen
17β-estradiol (E2), affect hippocampal morphology, plasticity, and memory in male and …

The increasing lifespan in developed countries results in age-associated chronic diseases.
Biological aging is a complex process associated with accumulated cellular damage by …

Estradiol effects on memory depend on hormone levels and the interaction of different
estrogen receptors within neural circuits. Estradiol induces gene transcription and rapid …

Our laboratory has demonstrated that 17β-estradiol (E2) enhances hippocampal memory
consolidation via rapid activation of multiple intracellular signaling cascades, including the …

This article is part of a Special Issue “Estradiol and cognition”. Since the publication of the
1998 special issue of Hormones and Behavior on estrogens and cognition, substantial …

The pros and cons of estrogen therapy for use in postmenopausal women continue to be a
major topic of debate in women's health. Much of this debate focuses on the potential …

While a great deal of research has been performed on the long-term genomic actions of
estrogens, their rapid effects and implications for learning and memory are less well …