Salt permeability of polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes has been shown to
increase with increasing feed salt concentration. The dependence of salt permeability on …

Designing complex systems that address a wide range of heterogeneous requirements is a
difficult task. The skills and know-how of the designers are no longer sufficient and it …

Current battery modelling methodologies including equivalent circuital modelling and
electrochemical modelling do not maintain accuracy over diverse operating conditions of …

This work used an electrical equivalent circuit model combined with a temperature model
and computational optimal control methods to determine minimum time charging profiles for …

This paper aims to develop an equivalent circuit model (ECM) for Lithium Iron Phosphate
(LFP) batteries as they have a flat voltage profile and dominant hysteresis behavior …

Metal hydride hydrogen storage technology is considered a potential alternative energy and
energy storage solution in promoting global economic decarbonization. However, the heat …

The state of charge of a battery depends on many magnitudes, but only voltage and intensity
are included in mathematical equations because other variables are complex to integrate …

Fundamental studies of electrons transportation, and dispersion state of particles in slurry
are crucial for constructing high performance semi–solid flow batteries (SSFBs). Therefore …

Lithium-ion cells experience significant internal thermal gradients during operation, with a
direct impact on their safety, performance, cost and lifetime. The estimation of the internal …

The last decade has witnessed significant progress towards zero-emission electric aviation.
Lithium-ion batteries are at the centre of this technological transformation. However, electric …