The upright stance position is inherently unstable since the smallest deviation from a perfect
upright orientation produces forces due to gravity that accelerate the body toward the …

Advances in our understanding of movement control allow us to define more precisely the
requirements for the rehabilitation of patients with movement disorders. Most purposeful …

Objective: To discuss the proper methods used to elicit the Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) and to
present different situations in which this tool can be used in sports medicine research. Data …

How is load sensed by receptors, and how is this sensory information used to guide
locomotion? Many insights in this domain have evolved from comparative studies since it …

This review revolves primarily around segmental feedback systems established by muscle
spindle and Golgi tendon organ afferents, as well as spinal recurrent inhibition via Renshaw …

During bouncing gaits (running, hopping, trotting), passive compliant structures (eg tendons,
ligaments) store and release part of the stride energy. Here, active muscles must provide the …

This review explores how proprioceptive sensory information is organized at spinal cord
levels as it relates to a sense of body position and movement. The topic is considered in an …

A basic aspect of the neuronal control of quadrupedal locomotion of cat and of bipedal
stance and gait of humans concerns the antigravity function of leg extensors. In humans …

The idea that the CNS may control complex interactions by modular decomposition has
received considerable attention. We explored this idea for human locomotion by examining …

We studied the changes of vertical contact forces, lower limb kinematics, and
electromyographic activity (EMG) at different speeds and gravitational loads. To this end …