Abstract Facial Action Coding System is the most influential sign judgment method for facial
behavior, and it is a comprehensive and anatomical system which could encode various …

Introduction: Prolonged operation of construction equipment could lead to mental fatigue,
which can increase the chances of human error-related accidents as well as operators' ill …

As a fine-grained and local expression behavior measurement, facial action unit (FAU)
analysis (eg, detection and intensity estimation) has been documented for its time …

Emotion detection based on computer vision and remote extraction of user signals
commonly rely on stimuli where users have a passive role with limited possibilities for …

This paper presents an experiment aimed at exploring the relation between facial actions
(FA), heart rate (HR) and emotional states, particularly stress and boredom, during the …

Facial analysis is a promising approach to detect emotions of players unobtrusively;
however approaches are commonly evaluated in contexts not related to games or facial …

Questionnaires and physiological measurements are the most common approach used to
obtain data for emotion estimation in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) and …

Stress has always been present in our daily lives. This has and always been essential in
helping us grow. Yet, once stress becomes too much to handle and exhausts an individual …

The construction industry plays a vital role in enhancing and advancing the infrastructure,
contributing significantly to its development. However, at the same time it is labour-intensive …

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) can be used to remotely estimate heart rate (HR) of
users to infer their emotional state. However natural body movement and facial actions of …