Coral reef ecosystems have suffered an unprecedented loss of habitat-forming hard corals
in recent decades. While marine conservation has historically focused on passive habitat …

Despite substantial conservation efforts, the loss of ecosystems continues globally, along
with related declines in species and nature's contributions to people. An effective ecosystem …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

Coral reefs are critically important ecosystems that support coastal societies and economies
throughout the tropical oceans. However, many of the word's coral reefs are already …

Coral-reef ecosystems are experiencing frequent and severe disturbance events that are
reducing global coral abundance and potentially overwhelming the natural capacity for reefs …

While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional
management informed by research, recent declines in coral cover have triggered efforts to …

Coral reef restoration is an increasingly important part of tropical marine conservation.
Information about what motivates coral reef restoration as well as its success and cost is not …

Samples from eight species of corals (Colpophyllia natans, Dendrogyra cylindrus, Diploria
labyrinthiformis, Meandrina meandrites, Montastraea cavernosa, Orbicella faveolata …

Indonesia's coral reefs have been severely damaged by global and local stressors, and a
range of active restoration techniques are now being used in attempts to rebuild degraded …

Coastal wetlands restoration is an emerging field which aims to recover the ecological
characteristics of degraded ecosystems to natural ones. The recent UN declaration of 2021 …