Abstract Background Malaria parasites (genus Plasmodium) are widespread in birds. These
pathogens cause pathology of blood and various organs, often resulting in severe avian …

Blood parasites of the genus Leucocytozoon (Leucocytozoidae) only inhabit birds and
represent a readily distinct evolutionary branch of the haemosporidians (Haemosporida …

Accurate detection and identification are essential components for epidemiological,
ecological, and evolutionary surveys of avian haemosporidian parasites. Microscopy has …

Mixed infections of different species and genetic lineages of haemosporidian parasites
(Haemosporida) predominate in wildlife, and such infections are particularly virulent …

Aim Migrating birds transport their parasites, often over long distances, but little is known
about the transfer of these parasites to resident hosts in either the wintering or breeding …

Background Microscopic research has shown that Plasmodium relictum is the most common
agent of avian malaria. Recent molecular studies confirmed this conclusion and identified …

Vector‐borne diseases, especially those transmitted by mosquitoes, have severe impacts on
public health and economy. West Nile virus (WNV) and avian malaria parasites of the genus …

Background The wide spread mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens have two forms molestus and
pipiens which frequently hybridize. The two forms have behavioural and physiological …

Aim Characterizing macroecological patterns in biodiversity is key to improve our
understanding of community assembly. Global biodiversity for many taxa follows a latitudinal …

Simple Summary Avian haemoproteids are prevalent parasites known to induce pathology
or mortality in birds. Culicoides biting midges act as vectors for these parasites. Despite the …