Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a non-aromatic compound belonging to the bromine
flame retardant family and is a known persistent organic pollutant (POP). This compound …

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic chemical substances that are widely
distributed in environments around the globe. POPs accumulate in living organisms and are …

The hepatopancreas is one of the largest organs playing crucial roles in metabolism and
detoxification in crustacean invertebrates. Although toxicities have been increasingly …

Abstract Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer used in several items, non-
covalently bound to plastics and easily released, since metabolites were found in human …

New approach methodologies (NAM), including omics and in vitro approaches, are
contributing to the implementation of 3R (reduction, refinement and replacement) strategies …

Abstract The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2011 risk assessment on
hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDD s) in food. HBCDD s, predominantly mixtures of the …

Background: The general population (including children) is exposed to chemical mixtures.
Plasticizers such as Bisphenol A (BPA) and Phthalates (mainly Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate …

Brominated flame retardants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been
used for decades until evidence of negative health effects led to bans in many countries …

For decades, the brominated fire retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) has been
extensively used to reduce fire risk. Due to the inherent properties associated with …

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known environmental contaminant, particularly harmful to
the developing brain. The main human dietary exposure to MeHg occurs through seafood …